Using AI to Combat Cyber Crime

Artificial Intelligence has, for quite some time now, been used for combating credit card fraud. Data Mining, which is in a way an application of AI, is used to detect credit card frauds by using various mechanisms. In the most general scenario, a pattern of the user's credit card usage is drawn by making use of his credit card transaction records and all the future transactions are inserted in the pattern only after conforming to this pattern itself.Whenever a transaction or a pair of transactions that violates the pattern is noticed, the system prompts the surveillance personnel to check in. Then its upon the discretion of the personnel to see if the transactions are to be investigated or to be entered in the system and inculcated in the ever changing pattern.In a more advanced form,the normal credit card usage pattern of the user is used along with a pattern of the usage seen in the credit cards of the whole group to which the user belongs. This group may be created on the basis of income,credit card category(gold,silver etc.) or even the company to which the user belongs.This scheme is more robust and more resistant against single high value transactions that may appear to drift away from the pattern but are actually genuine.

The above approaches have been quite effective in combating credit cards frauds to some extent, and as a result, agencies all over the world have started looking at AI for combating other forms of electronic/cyber crime.They sought to AI because of the fact that due to the humongous number of transactions, its utterly impossible to employ humans to track movement over the internet. They need a machine to do that and in fact they need a machine that's smart enough to match the wits of a human expert.The intelligence may either be embedded in the individual application servers, just like spam filters used by mail servers or the intelligence may be implemented at the firewalls at the gateways. The advantage with embedding it into the individual servers is that the logic related to the specific application can be embedded. E.g a traffic pattern may be acceptable if destined for mail server but not for some office application server.In fact the best approach is to divide the intelligence amongst the two places. General intelligence is embedded at the firewalls and the application specific intelligence is embedded in the individual servers.

The general model suggests that some traffic analysis technique be used. This technique would differ according to the networks. Traffic could be analyzed at one or all levels. Either only the datagarm traffic could be analyzed or the ip level traffic or both. The traffic is again matched with the general pattern of traffic just like pattern matching in credit card fraud detection. At the firewalls, the overall traffic pattern is analyzed, and at the individual servers, the application level and session level traffic is analyzed. At the application level, once again two patterns could be used - a user pattern and a group pattern. At the firewalls however, a single pattern has to be used.In fact, the system may keep different patterns for different days or different times instead of a single pattern, and these different patterns may then be used accordingly.Like every cognitive learning mechanism, these patterns would also improve with time. The system would match actual pattern with the stored pattern and also keep changing according to the patterns that it analyzes. For example, if the system reported an anomaly and the network admin thinks its normal traffic, the system would inculcate this in the traffic pattern model and would improve itself. Hence, with time, the system will become more and more effective. 

I Have A Dream

I bet you must have not just once but many a times wondered why you dream. This post will describe a theory that takes some ideas from the domain of technology. Remember, we talked about the enormous network of brain neurons in an old post. We will visit that subject again. Just to tell the novice, the brain is composed of a massive network of countless neurons and its in these very neurons where the information gets stored. Every neuron would store some part of the info and when the brain needs to retrieve the complete information, it will pass a signal through a known and structured pattern of neurons and all the info in these neurons gets combined to give the complete information.The neural network concept, which is used to store information in artificially intelligent systems, uses a similar approach to organizing information. It was only after some research on these synthetic neural networks, that a very brittle, yet intriguing idea emerged on why would a human being dream. Here's a brief explanation of the same.

A network of neurons

While we are sleeping, most of our body parts get engaged in routine maintenance tasks. The brain takes up this diagnosis and correction task and checks if all organs are functioning properly. It sends signals to these organs and they would do tasks like pumping some extra blood, disposing something in the impure blood and some other similar stuff. The brain also sends some check signals to itself. Tough Job, I must say ! The primary maintenance job it assumes is to free neurons which don't have valid information or information which may no longer be needed. But its the Brain and for its being so intelligent, you wont expect it to delete the info in these neurons straightaway. In fact, the brain checks to see if this info is useful and has to be retained.

The brain tries to see if these neurons have any useful information by sending random, yet organized, signals to them. These signals are similar to the information retrieval signals introduced in para 1 but, these signals are sent while you are wild asleep. These signals are sent across the neurons and the information in them is combined. This information gets played back while you are dreaming. The dreams are in a way a complement of the information you retrieve while you are awake. Now, these neurons had random pieces of information and they are combined randomly by some random signals. That's why the dreams we see often don't follow any specific flow of thoughts and we keep swinging from one place to another and combine people whom we met in different nations. In fact, the brain passes its own inputs to make the dreams more meaningful because it assumes that it has to supply any missing information to fill any gaps. The brain may supply commonsense knowledge that one has acquired or knowledge regarding the places you have visited or the people you know or have met at any time in your life. That's the reason why while dreaming, you end up combining several places into one and meet 10 people from 10 different houses in your own.

That's how it all happens. In cases, when the brain is unable to get an ending for the dream, it just hangs up and waits for some real life event. The real life event like ringing of a bell, or yours falling on the ground, is combined in your dream so as to get an ending. And you wonder why you were dreaming of something that actually happened.After the dream gets over, the brain deletes all the information that was saved in those neurons. However, the dream that was generated is a new information in its own. Now its upon the brain to decide on whether the dream has to be retained or deleted. That's why at times, you remember what you dream't and at times, you don't. One more thing to this is the fact that while generating some dreams, the brain spends a lot of effort as the neurons it tries to combine don't have structured information and the brain has to put in a lot of stuff to make it meaningful. That's why the brain decides to break the dream and awake you. Or if the brain succeeds in finally generating some information, it lets it stay there and won't break the dream. But the next day when you get up, you wont feel fresh as your brain had been working a lot while you were asleep just to get the dream ticking.

This was a very different theory and that's why I felt like sharing it with you. And since we've went a little off the track for this one, I will also like to thank an all time contributor to these posts - Tzinga Health Drink. I get all my ideas on posts and how to present them while I'm on my cycling spree every morning and the spree lasts for 80-100 minutes. The time I spend makes me feel refreshed and gets my ideas ticking but it also demands a lot of energy from me. So one of my pals told me to have this awesome health drink called Tzinga. This health drink comes in three irresistible flavors - Mango Strawberry,Lemon Mint and Tropical Trip and I feel that this is the only health drink which also gives a really refreshing taste to your taste buds apart from giving some serious charge to your body.When the other drinks demand you to put some clip carrier to your bicycle for holding them, you can carry Tzinga straight in your pockets and with a sipper like outlet, you can easily take a sip as an when you need it. A pack of Tzinga contains some serious energy so please be careful while using it. 

Okay, now lets get back to the topi  and have some sort of a conclusion. This theory is one amongst those 100 theories on dreaming. Some of them tell that its the subconscious mind and some tell that its some other complex mechanism related to the locomotion of the body. But whatever it may be, this one actually explains most of the phenomena related to dreams and I personally believe, this one might be the real reason.Please tell me if you agree with me or if you have some different idea or any knowledge regarding this. I'm on this thing now !!!